Alan Turing (1912 - 1954)

​Born on June 23, Alan Mathison Turing is considered the “Father of Theoretical Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence. An English mathematician logician, philosopher, cryptanalyst and the theoretical biologist, he provided a formalization of the concepts of the algorithm and computation with the invention of the Turing machine, the precursor of all modern computers. Turing’s skill in code-breaking led to his cracking the Enigma Code during World War II, which saved lives and determined the war’s course and outcome. A gay man, Turing was convicted of “gross indecency, was sentenced to probation and required to consume a medication that reduced his libido and made him impotent. He was pardoned posthumously in 2009.